What is a running record and how is it used?

• A. A checklist of classroom behaviors.
• B. An ongoing, teacher-recorded observation of a student's reading accuracy and fluency to guide instruction.
• C. A standardized reading test.
• D. A student writing journal for spelling practice.

Answer: (B)

A running record is an ongoing, teacher-recorded observation of a student’s oral reading that tracks how accurately the student reads aloud and how fluently they read, including pace, phrasing, and self-corrections. This snapshot is used to guide instruction—teachers analyze the errors and strengths to decide what to teach next, select appropriate texts, and set targeted practice to support growth. It’s a dynamic tool, not a one-time test, and it focuses on actual reading behavior in real time.

Why this fits best: a running record specifically captures both accuracy and fluency during reading and ties what is observed directly to instruction planning, rather than just listing behaviors, administering a standardized test, or focusing on writing practice.